Unit 28: P1, M1 + D1

Web architecture:

P1

Internet Service Providers (ISP)

he ISP helps allow you to connect to the internet, without it you don't stand a change accessing the internet. Essentially this is your broadband provider e.g. sky, BT. The ISP router is connected to via your modem that you will own, this then allows you to access the internet or the backbone of the internet as it is known as it is fairly basic and limited. Once you have reached this stage you are capable of searching anything you desire and receiving results from all around the world for you to choose from.

Web hosting services

The web host essentially the storage facility of all your websites and allows them to be connected to the internet so that they can be viewed by you, the customer/user. The domain name and IP address for a website are linked for specificity when involving different PC's. These web hosting services allow you to create your own websites for various businesses and organizations that can be accessed easily by anyone through the World Wide Web. These hosting services make sharing your website available to their customers, they happen to be used for images and games. 

Domain structure

Domains have been developed to reassess long structured coding for website into simplified additions so that with key terminology and words you can reach the website of your choice easier, in comparison to learning a long winded code that required specificity to ensure you reached the correct website on the World Wide Web. We define domains by their IP address which is the alternative to the long winded protocol address that websites have.

Domain name registrars

A domain name register is also known as an ICANN which a company has to register the domain name, these domain names are fairly desired by retailers with .info and .mobi etc. This essentially is an organization that organizes Internet domain names and reserves them for companies. They are  determined and can be distinguished by their gTLD or their ccTLD(generic top-level domain or country code top-level domain).

Worldwide web

The World Wide Web constitutes to a whole networking system, that allows you to connect to various documents and hyperlinks for the information that you seek out. The world wide wide system of information helps store various formatted documents for you to access, they are formatted as HTML's which link you towards other relevant documents and graphics.The HTLM's on the world wide web allows you to jump between various documents through their hot spots. Some internet servers are not within the worldwide web and cannot be accessed as easily.

Web

The web also known to most as the internet is a global network that is capable of connecting us all, they also help us share data in various forms such as images and videos with one another. The internet is a huge network of continuous networks that connect and allow us all to communicate globally, however they can only connect if both computers are connected to the internet. The web is the method of retrieving information by using the internet as its medium which allows you to share information within the internet.

Proxy servers

Proxy servers are what a computer needs in order to it to complete its overall function between the web browser and the Internet. They are known to improve the overall storage of copies from regularly used websites like Facebook and Youtube.

Routers

The router is a piece of hardware that helps forward the necessary data packets required to networks, they allow you to connect to LANs or WANs and the ISP network. Routers are essentially gateways that are capable of connects numerous networks. Routers are connected to your landline provider e.g. Sky or BT and transmits the information along the pockets. The router essentially decides what route the information will take before it appears on your screens display.

Browser

This is an application that allows you to retrieve any content required from the world wide web with data such as images and videos. The browser runs on the computer and contacts the web server and requests the information that is needed. Once the web server has been contacted it then send the information back to the browser where it can then display the program or website requested for through the internet. 

 M1

Web 2.0

Web 2.0 is the second generation edition of the Web which allows you to share various information and data with others. In comparison the World Wide Web, Web 2.0 has a greater collaboration for Internet users to embark upon. Web 2.0 controls social aspects of the internet with availability of users to share their knowledge of sites such as Wikipedia and social network sites like Facebook where Web 2.0 allows you to advertise and expand your organizations or just for the social side. These sites that Web 2.0 control are those sites where information can be collaborated and expanded on with other individuals through communication on social media applications that can be easily accessed.

Blogs

A blog is essentially an online journal that can be shared world wide with individuals, they happen to be updated regularly and have the overall purpose of shedding information on either current affairs or interest that the audience finds appealing/interesting. Blogs tend to be chronologically organised on the dates of events so that they are up-to-date with current affairs,they are set up and created by an author where they will post their judgement and their opinions for others to read and comment on.The author of the Blog is known solely as the Blogger and due to the settings you can either make your blog site public for anyone to view or you can make it private and only have those with the  link and permission view your blog.

Online applications

Online applications are the additional options that your browser has available for you to use with applications such as Calendar and Maps if the browser used is Google. Online applications are any application that has to be run through the browser in order to be able to use it like Google Calendar. It uses a browser-supporting programming language(JavaScript/HTML) that requires the browser to allow the program to work.

Cloud computing

Cloud loud computing is a network of servers that happen to be hosted on the Internet where data is managed and processed and can be stored rather than taking up space on your PC. By storing it online through Cloud computing your data can be easily accessed but only has a limited space for you to upload and store your data without having to purchase additional storage. This saves your storing quite bulky files that can take up a lot of space on your hard drive so you can save it onto either Google Drive or the iCloud where it can be accessed easily and cannot be lost as it backs up your files to ensure that they are safe and secure as you have saved work through the Internet. You have to be signed in either into your Google account or Apple account to be able to access your saved documents depending on the nature of the file type.

D1

TCP/IP

TCP/IP stands for Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol, these protocols had been initially developed for the military. These transmission protocols would allow you communicate across vast distances and networks. They are verified by the Transmission Control Protocol and the Internet Protocol refers to the movement of the packets to the different nodes transmitting the information needed, it is now the foundation of the internet as is a built in software for major operating systems like Mac and Windows. 

HTTP

This is a Hypertext Transfer Protocol which means that it is the protocol that was designed so that it would transfer data over the web. HTTP defines commands and is used to transmit data from different webpages so that the customer can use it. 

HTTPS

This stands for Hypertext Transport Protocol Secure which virtually the same as HTTP however it uses an SSL (which is a secure socket layer) that is used to ensure that the data shared is secure. It is mainly used on websites that handle data that is personal and needs to remain secure and that outsider cannot access such as Online Banking. They use these SSL's so that you are required to log-in to your account for security purposes and check that it is you by an array of questions so that everything transmitted between you and the banking website is received in a secure manner.

SMTP

This stands for Simple Mail Transfer Protocol which is a protocol designed for the function of sending emails via the Internet. This is involving email providers e.g. Outlook or MSN using the SMTP to send your emails to the targeted audince/recipient using the correct mail server. It uses commands that ensure the direct transfer of your email to your recipient through the Internet.